If a colonoscopy report mentioned diverticulosis, you are not alone, and you probably do not need to worry. Diverticulosis is very common, especially after age 50, and most people who have it never have a problem. Here is what it means, why it happens, and how to keep it from turning into something more serious.
What is diverticulosis?
Diverticulosis is the presence of small pouches, called diverticula, that form in the wall of the colon and bulge outward.
Simply having these pouches is diverticulosis. It is common and usually causes no symptoms at all. Many people only learn they have it during a routine colonoscopy.
Diverticulosis vs. diverticulitis
This is the distinction that matters most.
- Diverticulosis is simply having the pouches. It is most often harmless, and most people don’t even know they have it.
- Diverticulitis is when one or more of those pouches becomes inflamed or infected. It causes symptoms like abdominal pain, often in the lower left side, along with fever and changes in bowel habits, and it needs treatment.
Only a small share of people with diverticulosis ever develop diverticulitis. The goal is to stay in the harmless category.
Where it happens
Diverticula can form anywhere in the colon, but they are most common in the sigmoid colon, the lower left section. On your report this may appear as sigmoid diverticulosis.
Why diverticulosis happens
The exact cause is still being studied, but the leading factors include:
- Age. It becomes much more common after 50.
- A low-fiber diet, which leads to harder stool and more pressure inside the colon.
- Chronic constipation and straining.
- Genetics.
- A sedentary lifestyle.
- Obesity.
- Smoking.
- Alcohol consumption.
How to prevent diverticulitis
Pouches do not go away once they form, but you can lower the chance they ever cause trouble.
- Eat more fiber. A high-fiber diet keeps stool soft and reduces pressure in the colon. Build meals around fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes.
- Stay hydrated. Fiber works best with enough water.
- Move regularly and maintain a healthy body weight. Physical activity supports healthy bowel function.
- Do not strain. Treat constipation early rather than letting it build.
Older advice to avoid nuts, seeds, and popcorn has largely been set aside. Current evidence does not support the idea that these foods trigger diverticulitis.
When to see a specialist
Diverticulosis itself rarely needs treatment. See a physician promptly if you develop signs of diverticulitis:
- Persistent abdominal pain, usually in the lower left
- Fever and chills
- Nausea or vomiting
- A noticeable change in bowel habits
- Rectal bleeding
Rectal bleeding always deserves evaluation, even with a known diagnosis.
🩺 It is important to confirm the diagnosis of diverticulitis with a colonoscopy. Other diseases, like colon cancer and inflammatory bowel disease, can have a similar appearance on imaging. – Dr. Lee.
Frequently asked questions
Is diverticulosis serious?
On its own, no. However, it can lead to rectal bleeding or infection. Only a minority of people ever develop these symptoms.
What is the difference between diverticulosis and diverticulitis?
Diverticulosis is having the pouches. Diverticulitis is when a pouch becomes inflamed or infected and causes pain, fever, and other symptoms.
Can diverticulosis be cured?
The pouches do not go away, but you can manage the condition and greatly reduce the risk of complications through diet and lifestyle.
What foods should I avoid with diverticulosis?
The focus is less on avoiding specific foods and more on getting enough fiber and staying hydrated. The old advice against nuts and seeds is no longer widely recommended.
Questions about your diagnosis?
If your colonoscopy mentioned diverticulosis and you want to understand what it means for you, or you are having symptoms, request an appointment with Colon Rectal Specialists or call (248) 852-8020.
